Indicative Verbs: 4 KEY FEATURES | |||||
Tense-Form | Voice | Augment | Stem | Tense Former | Ending Pattern |
Present | Active | present | Primary Active |
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Middle/ Passive |
present | Primary Middle-Passive |
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Imperfect | Active | ε | present | Secondary Active |
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Middle/ Passive |
ε | present | Secondary Middle-Passive |
Indicative Ending Patterns | ||||||||||
Primary Active |
Primary Middle-Passive |
Secondary Active |
Secondary Middle-Passive |
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Singular | First | λύω | λύομαι | ἔλυον | ἐλυόμην | |||||
Second | λύεις | λύῃ¹ | ἔλυες | ἐλύου³ | ||||||
Third | λύει | λύεται | ἔλυε(ν) | ἐλύετο | ||||||
Plural | First | λύομεν | λυόμεθα | ἐλύομεν | ἐλυόμεθα | |||||
Second | λύετε | λύεσθε | ἐλύετε | ἐλύεσθε | ||||||
Third | λύουσι(ν) | λύονται | ἔλυον² | ἐλύοντο | ||||||
¹ Technically, the ending is σαι, but that is only seen in the Perfect. | ||||||||||
² The ending changes to σαν in the Aorist Passive. | ||||||||||
³ Technically, the ending is σο, but that is only seen in the 1st Aorist (as σω) and Pluperfect. |
εἰμί in the indicative | |||||||||
Present | Imperfect | ||||||||
Singular | First | εἰμί I am |
ἤμην I was |
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Second | εἶ you are |
ἦς you were |
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Third | ἐστίν he/she/it is |
ἦν he/she/it was |
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Plural | First | ἐσμέν we are |
ἦμεν we were |
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Second | ἐστέ you (pl.) are |
ἦτε you (pl.) were |
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Third | εἰσίν they are |
ἦσαν they were |