Lesson 4 | Imperatives

Review

In this lesson, you learned how to recognize imperatives by their three key features and ending patterns. You also learned the imperative paradigm of εἰμί. Be sure you have these things memorized before completing this lesson.
Imperatives: 3 KEY FEATURES
Tense-Form Voice Stem Tense Former Ending Pattern
Present Active present Imperative
Active
Middle/
Passive
present Imperative
Middle-Passive
1st Aorist Active
usually same as
present
σα Imperative
Active
Middle
usually same as
present
σα Imperative
Middle-Passive
Passive
usually same as
present
θη Imperative
Active
2nd Aorist Active aorist Imperative
Active
Middle aorist Imperative
Middle-Passive
Passive aorist η Imperative
Active
Imperative Ending Patterns
Active Middle-Passive
Singular Second λῦε¹ λύου²
Third λυέτω λυέσθω
Plural Second λύετε λύεσθε
Third λυέτωσαν λυέσθωσαν
¹ This ending changes to ον in the 1st Aorist Active.
It changes to τι in the Aorist Passive (infrequent).
² This ending changes to ι in the 1st Aorist Middle (infrequent).
εἰμί in the imperative
Imperative
Second ἴσθι
[you] be
Third ἔστω
let him/her/it be
Second ἔστε
[you (pl.)] be
Third ἔστωσαν
let them be

Greek IV