Who is Jesus? Jesus is God the Son Incarnate.
In this lesson, we will focus on Jesus's deity, his eternal identity as God the Son. But before we get to exploring this truth, let’s clarify what we are not saying:
Denials
1. We deny that Jesus ever became God.
The person of Jesus existed eternally as God the Son. God the Son was not created. Indeed, all things were created through him (Colossians 1:16 NIV)–from the mighty angels in the heavens to the smallest bug that crawls on the ground–all things have been created in him, through him, and for him. So, how could he be created or made in any way?
For in him all things were created: things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or powers or rulers or authorities; all things have been created through him and for him.
Colossians 1:16 NIV
God the Son was not made. Jesus never became God. He is God the Son. Before we meet him as the God-man, born to the virgin Mary and suffering under Pontius Pilate, we meet him as the LORD in the burning bush of Exodus 3, before the walls of Jericho in Joshua 5, and on God’s throne in the Temple in Isaiah 6.
In other words, what was Christ doing "B.C."?
He was experiencing what it means—tasting what it would soon mean—to be Savior, King, Prophet, Priest, Sacrifice and all he would be and accomplish. As the Word of the Lord he made God known. He judged evil (Gen 19:24). He saved his people (Is 63:9; Jude 5), guiding them through the wilderness, feeding them with manna and defending them from their enemies. He even had friendly times of fellowship, communing with his people (Gen 18:1-8; Ex 24:10-11): he was after all the bridegroom of his people, and he loved them like the finest husband (Is 62:5). He also served as a mediator and intercessor, praying for his people as a man pleads for a friend (Job 16:20-21; 1 Sam 2:25).
With this, we begin to see him more obviously anticipating what was to come. In a striking scene in Judges, the angel of the Lord appeared to Samson’s parents; when they offered a sacrifice, “as the flame blazed up from the altar toward heaven, the angel of the LORD ascended in the flame”—as if he were the sacrifice (Judg 13:20)...
And since he was the one who would “appear in the cloud over the atonement cover” in the Holy of Holies (Lev 16:2), we can only imagine how he watched the work of the high priest, how he saw the sprinkled blood of the sacrifice, and how it made him think of the work before him.
(Michael Reeves, Rejoicing in Christ, 31-32)
2. We deny that Jesus is merely like God.
Jesus is and always has existed as God the Son. He is fully God. He shares fully in God's work. He bears God’s name completely and worthily. He truly deserves our wholehearted love and praise. We rightly worship him as God, indeed he made us to worship him as God, proclaiming our worship alongside the mighty angels in Isaiah 6, “Holy, holy, holy is the LORD Almighty! The whole earth is full of his glory!”
...there have also been Christians who have been shy of affirming that Jesus is the Lord, the eternal son of God.
Take Theodore of Mopsuestia, fourth-century bishop whose confusion was due, perhaps, to being saddled with such a name. According to him, 'Jesus is similar to all other men, differing from natural men in nothing except that [the Word] was given him grace.' In other words, Jesus is not the Son of God: the Son or Word of God has a relationship with the man Jesus, helping him along, giving him grace.
Be strong, reader! And before you laugh or vomit, see how this view of Jesus changes the shape of the gospel. Here, salvation is about us being given a bit of a boost by some abstract blessing called 'grace.' What it meant was that, for Theodore, Jesus became more of a model than a savior: a man helped along by God. And if God helps us in the same way that he helped Jesus, then we too can be just as holy and righteous as him. I wrote that this 'changes the shape of the gospel'; perhaps it would be more accurate to say it undoes the gospel. For this is salvation assisted by works.
And another problem: if God is not actually prepared to become one of us and die for us, he clearly can't love us that much. He certainly doesn't love as much as the God who will. Even if he is prepared to throw us the odd bun, such a God must prefer to keep himself to himself.
(Michael Reeves, Rejoicing in Christ, 49)
3. We deny that Jesus stopped being God.
When God the Son became a man, he did not lose his fully divine nature in any way. God the Son added to himself a human nature. But this human nature did not mix up his divine nature. It did not diminish his divine nature or dilute it like a drop of ink in water. No! When God the Son became a man, he remained fully God. He has two natures—one fully human nature and one fully divine nature—united in his one person. We call this the hypostatic union. For God was pleased to have all his fullness dwell in him...
Colossians 1:19 NIV
And this is one of the great mysteries of the incarnation. Even as Mary held the weak and hungry baby Jesus in her arms, he remained fully God the Son–holding all reality together. Jesus never stopped being fully God.
4. We deny that Jesus is God the Father or God the Holy Spirit.
Jesus is God the Son. Jesus is fully God, but he is a distinct person within the Trinity. He is not the Father. He is not the Holy Spirit. He is the Son. The God of the Bible is the Triune God–One God in Three Persons. Jesus is God the Son. As John writes in John 1: “In the beginning was the Word. And the Word was with God. And the Word was God.”
So, we deny four statements:
(1) We deny that Jesus ever became God;
(2) We deny that Jesus is merely like God;
(3) We deny that Jesus stopped being God;
(4) We deny that Jesus is the same as the Father or the Holy Spirit.
What do these denials clarify for you about Jesus's identity as God the Son?
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But what are we affirming?
We affirm–because the whole Scriptures testify to it–that as God the Son, Jesus is fully God. In other words, Jesus (1) is the full divine essence; (2) does God’s exclusive work; (3) bears God’s unique name. As God the Son, Jesus is fully God.
Let's look at these truths in the next steps.