Lesson 4 | Vocab
New Vocabulary
Now it is time to learn the vocabulary words for Lesson 4. For this lesson, you will learn 32 new words: 19 second pattern nouns, four prepositions, three pronouns, and several other words. (You will learn about second pattern nouns and pronouns in the next lesson.) Remember that you need to memorize both the word and the extra information with it. Practice listening to and saying the words as you study them.
Lesson 4 Vocabulary
Word
Definition
Helps
ἄγγελος, -ου, ὁ
angel; messenger (noun)
ἀδελφός, -οῦ, ὁ
brother (plural form can mean “brothers” or “brothers and sisters”) (noun)
Philadelphia (“city of brotherly love”)
ἄνθρωπος, -ου, ὁ
human; person; man (noun)
anthropology
γάρ
for; because (connector)
δέ
now; but; then (connector)
δοῦλος, -ου, ὁ
servant; slave (noun)
εἰς (+ accusative)
into; in; towards (preposition)
ἐκ (+ genitive)
from (preposition)
Written ἐξ when followed by a word beginning in a vowel.
ἐκεῖνος, ἐκεῖνη, ἐκεῖνο
that (far demonstrative pronoun)
ἐπί (+ genitive)
on; over; when (preposition)
ἐπ’ when followed by a word beginning with a vowel; ἐφ’ when followed by a word with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
ἐπί (+ dative)
on the basis of; because (preposition)
ἐπί (+ accusative)
on; against (preposition)
ἔργον, -ου, τό
work; deed; action (noun)
energy
εὐαγγέλιον, -ου, τό
good news; gospel (noun)
evangelize
θάνατος, -ου, ὁ
death (noun)
θεός, -οῦ, ὁ
God (noun)
theology (study of God)
Ἰησοῦς, -οῦ, ὁ
Jesus (noun-Name)
κόσμος, -ου, ὁ
world (noun)
cosmology
κύριος, -ου, ὁ
lord; master (noun)
λόγος, -ου, ὁ
word; message; statement (noun)
μή
no/not (negator)
νόμος, -ου, ὁ
law (noun)
antinomianism (“against law”)
ὅς, ἥ, ὅ
who, which (relative pronoun)
οὐ
no/not (negator)
Written οὐκ when followed by a word beginning in a vowel.
οὐρανός, -οῦ, ὁ
heaven; sky (noun)
οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο
this (near demonstrative pronoun)
ὀφθαλμός, -οῦ, ὁ
eye (noun)
opthalmology
ὄχλος, -ου, ὁ
crowd (noun)
πρός (+ accusative)
to; towards; with (preposition)
τέκνον, -ου, τό
child (noun)
Fun sentence: “my child is great at TECHNOlogy”
υἱός, -οῦ, ὁ
son (noun)
Χριστός, -οῦ, ὁ
Christ; Messiah (noun)
Loading...
Case + Prepositional Phrases
In the last lesson, you learned that a noun’s case tells us its function in the sentence. In addition, the case of a noun that follows a preposition also dictates the meaning of that preposition.
When you combine a preposition with a noun, we call this a prepositional phrase. Hebrews 2:10, for example, talks of all things being for God and through God, and also of Jesus being perfected through sufferings. “For” and “through” are prepositions in English, making “for God,” “through God,” and “through sufferings” all prepositional phrases. But while “for” and “through” are different words in English, they are translated from the same Greek word: διά.
Why the different translations? You should remember from Lesson 2 vocab that διά (+ genitive) means “through” while διά (+ accusative) means “because of, on account of.” So you can guess that the first time Hebrews 2:10 uses διά it is with the accusative, and the second and third times it is paired with a genitive.
You can now see why it is important to learn the case tied to prepositions in your vocab!
